Asperheim: Introduction to Pharmacology, 12th Edition

Chapter 1: Basic Math Review

Test Bank

MULTIPLE CHOICE

	1.	Subtracting 0.025 from 0.10 results in a difference of:
a.	.0125	
b.	1.25	
c.	0.125	
d.	0.075	

ANS:	D

	Feedback	
A	This is an addition of the numbers with the decimal points not aligned.	
B	This is an addition of the numbers with the decimal points not aligned.	
C	This is a sum of the numbers.	
D	Aligning the decimal points and subtracting results in a difference of 0.075.	

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 8

	2.	A temperature of 104° F converts to a Celsius temperature of:
a.	40° C	
b.	75.6° C	
c.	129.6° C	
d.	72° C	

ANS:	A

	Feedback	
A	104 – 32 = 72
72  5 = 360
360/9 = 40	
B	This answer (75.6° C) is the result of adding 32 to the Fahrenheit temperature instead of subtracting it.	
C	This answer (129.6° C) is the result of multiplying by 9/5 instead of 5/9.	
D	This answer (72° C) is the result of subtracting 32 from the Fahrenheit temperature without multiplying by the fraction 5/9.	

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 13

	3.	What is the lowest common denominator among the fractions 1/3, 1/2, and 1/4?
a.	12	
b.	6	
c.	5	
d.	24	

ANS:	A

	Feedback	
A	The smallest number that is divisible by all three denominators (3, 2, 4) is 12.	
B	Four does not divide evenly into 6.	
C	None of the denominators divide evenly into 5.	
D	Although all of the denominators divide evenly into 24, it is not the smallest common denominator.	

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Remember	REF:	Page 4

	4.	Dividing 0.75 by 0.25 results in a quotient of:
a.	30	
b.	3.00	
c.	0.1875	
d.	0.50	

ANS:	B

	Feedback	
A	This answer is the result of dividing 0.75 by 0.025.	
B	After moving the decimal places over two positions in the divisor and the dividend, then proceeding with division, the result is the whole number 3.	
C	This is the product of the two numbers, not the quotient.	
D	This is the result of subtracting 0.25 from 0.75.	

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 9

	5.	One centimeter is equal to how many millimeters?
a.	100 mm	
b.	1000 mm	
c.	1/10 mm	
d.	10 mm	

ANS:	D

	Feedback	
A	1 cm = 10 mm, not 100 mm.	
B	1 cm = 10 mm, not 1000 mm.	
C	1 cm = 10 mm, not 1/10 mm.	
D	1 cm = 10 mm.	

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Remember	REF:	Page 13

	6.	Eighteen is 30% of:
a.	540	
b.	60	
c.	0.06	
d.	54	

ANS:	B

	Feedback	
A	This answer (540) is the result of multiplying 18 by 30. (This is not the correct way to determine percentage.)	
B	18 = 30%x
18 = 0.30x
18/0.30 = x
18/0.30 = 60	
C	This answer (0.06) is the result of dividing 0.018 by 0.30. (This eliminates the step of moving the decimal to the right to create a divisor that is a whole number.)	
D	This answer (54) is the result of multiplying 18 by 3 instead of dividing by 0.30.	

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 11

	7.	The ratio 3:100 would properly be expressed in fraction form as:
a.	0.003	
b.	3/100	
c.	100/3	
d.	33 1/3%	

ANS:	B

	Feedback	
A	This is decimal form and not expressed as a fraction.	
B	Ratio indicates division, and the fraction 3/100 also represents the same operation of three parts of 100.	
C	This fraction represents 100  3.	
D	This is percentage form and not a fraction.	

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Remember	REF:	Page 7

	8.	Three teaspoons equal how many milliliters?
a.	30 mL	
b.	45 mL	
c.	100 mL	
d.	15 mL	

ANS:	D

	Feedback	
A	30 mL = 6 teaspoons.	
B	45 mL = 9 teaspoons.	
C	100 mL = 20 teaspoons.	
D	1 teaspoon = 5 mL; 3 teaspoons = 15 mL.	

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Remember	REF:	Page 14

	9.	In the proportion 2.5 : x :: 500 : 600, the unknown is:
a.	120,000	
b.	–40	
c.	3	
d.	2.08	

ANS:	C

	Feedback	
A	This answer (120,000) is the result of multiplying the two terms on the right (500, 600) and dividing by the numeric term on the left (2.5).	
B	This answer (–40) is the result of subtracting the two terms on the right (500, 600) and dividing by the numeric term on the left (2.5).	
C	This answer (3) is the result of multiplying the means and the extremes and then dividing to find the unknown.	
D	This answer (2.08) is the result of multiplying an extreme (2.5) by a mean (500) and dividing by the other extreme (600).	

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Remember	REF:	Page 12

	10.	Expressed in Roman numerals, the number 2009 is:
a.	IIIV	
b.	MMIIII	
c.	MMIX	
d.	IVMM	

ANS:	C

	Feedback	
A	This Roman numeral is not consistent with the syntax for the numbering system.	
B	This Roman numeral is not consistent with the syntax for the numbering system.	
C	The symbols for 1000 (M) are added, making 2000, and the number for 1 (I) is subtracted from the number for 10 (X), giving 9.	
D	This Roman numeral is not consistent with the syntax for the numbering system.	

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 1 and 2

PROBLEM

	1.	Convert 1/500 to a decimal.

ANS:	
0.002
1  500 = 0.002

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 10

	2.	Convert 0.375 to a fraction.

ANS:	
3/8
0.375 = 375/1000; reduced by dividing both numbers by 125 = 3/8

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 10

	3.	Convert the following: 293° F = x° C.

ANS:	
145° C
(5/9) (293 – 32) = 145

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 13

	4.	Solve for x in the following proportion: 1/4 : 6 :: 3 : x.

ANS:	
72
6  3 = 1/4x; 18 = 1/4x; (1/4)(18) = 72

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 12

	5.	Change 4 3/4 to an improper fraction.

ANS:	
19/4
(4 = 16/4) + 3/4 = 19/4

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 3

	6.	Solve for x in the following equivalent fraction: 100/x = 50/25

ANS:	
x = 50
100  25 = 2500; 50  x = 50x; 2500/50 = 50

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 4

	7.	Solve for x in the following proportion: 0.25 : 10 :: x : 1

ANS:	
0.025
10x = (1  0.25); x = 0.25/10 = 0.025

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 12

	8.	What is 1/4% of 20?

ANS:	
0.05
1/4% = 0.0025; 0.0025  20 = 0.05

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 10 and 11

	9.	Convert the following units: 143 lb = x kg

ANS:	
65 kg
1 kg = 2.2 lb; 143/2.2 = 65

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 14

	10.	Convert 16/100 to a decimal.

ANS:	
0.16
16  100 = 0.16

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 10

	11.	Write CXLVII as an Arabic numeral.

ANS:	
147
C = 100, X = 10, L = 50, V = 5, I = 1
100 + (50 – 10) + (5 + 2)

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 1 and 2

	12.	Solve for x in the following proportion: 1/5 :1 :: 20 : x

ANS:	
100
1/5x = 20  1; x = 5  20

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 12

	13.	Solve for x in the following equivalent fraction: x/16 = 6/32

ANS:	
x = 3
16  6 = 96; 32  x = 32x (Dividing both sides by 32 yields x = 3.)

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 4

	14.	Convert the following units: 1 tablespoon = x mL

ANS:	
15 mL
1 teaspoon = 5 mL; 1 tablespoon = 3 teaspoons
3  5 = 15

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 14

	15.	Convert the following: 38° C = x° F

ANS:	
100.4° F
(9 × 38 + 160)/5 = 100.4

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 13

	16.	Write MDCCLXXVI as an Arabic numeral.

ANS:	
1776
M = 1000, D = 500, C = 100, L = 50, X = 10, V = 5, I = 1
1000 + (1000 – 300) + (50 + 20) + (5 + 1)

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 1

	17.	Find the lowest common denominator: 1/3, 5/4, 3/5

ANS:	
LCD = 60
3  4 = 12; 12  5 = 60 (Sixty is the smallest number divisible by all three denominators.)

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 4

	18.	Convert 1/8 to a decimal.

ANS:	
0.125
1  8 = 0.125

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 10

	19.	Three is what percent of 5?

ANS:	
60%
3 is 3/5 of 5; 3 divided by 5 = 0.60 or 60%

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 11

	20.	Solve for x in the following proportion: 9 : 6 :: x : 30

ANS:	
45
6x = 9  30; 6x = 270; 270  6 = 45

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 12

	21.	Solve for x in the following equivalent fraction: 3/6 = x/12

ANS:	
x = 6
3  12 = 36; 6  x = 6x (Dividing both sides of 36 = 6x by 6 yields 6 = x.)

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 4

	22.	Write 1888 as a Roman numeral.

ANS:	
MDCCCLXXXVIII
M = 1000, D = 500, C = 100, L = 50, X = 10
1000 + 500 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 50 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 5 + 1 + 1 + 1

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 1 and 2

	23.	Change 15 3/8 to an improper fraction.

ANS:	
123/8
(15 = 120/8) + 3/8

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 3

	24.	Convert the following: 68° F = x° C

ANS:	
20° C
(5/9) (68 – 32) = 20

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 13

	25.	Find the lowest common denominator: 1/8, 1/4, 1/32

ANS:	
LCD = 32
8  4 = 32 (Thirty-two is the smallest number divisible by all three denominators.)

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 4

	26.	Convert the following units: 30 mL = x fl oz

ANS:	
1 fl oz
1 fl oz = 30 mL

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 14

	27.	What percent of 25 is 5?

ANS:	
20%
5 is 1/5 of 25; 1 divided by 5 = 0.20 or 20%

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 11

	28.	Convert 6.25 to a fraction.

ANS:	
25/4 or 6 1/4
0.25 is the same as 25/100; dividing the numerator and denominator by 25 = 1/4

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 10

	29.	Solve for x in the following proportion: 5 : 25 :: x : 100

ANS:	
20
25x = 5  100; x = 500/25

DIF:	Cognitive Level: Apply	REF:	Page 12